Automation And Unemployment: Human Bumps along the Road Await Self-Driving Vehicles
12/18/2017
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Big automobile and tech companies are racing to dominate the coming self-driving revolution in transportation, but there’s a small hiccup in the plans — the public is not convinced that autonomous vehicles (aka AVs) are a good idea.

A poll conducted by the insurance company AIG a couple months back found that three-quarters of the 1,000 respondents thought there was a danger from hackers, and favorability was pretty evenly split on sharing the road with self-driving vehicles, with 42 percent generally positive and 41 percent had reservations (Hacking Risk Is What Worries Americans Most About Driverless Cars, Bloomberg, October 3, 2017).

A survey from AAA released March 1, 2017, found a more basic negative response — fear: Three-Quarters of Americans “Afraid” to Ride in a Self-Driving Vehicle.

But not to worry! American advertising swung into action with a reassuring message about self-driving cars from hoops hero Lebron James, who went from doubt to acceptance in less than 30 seconds:

Remember that the whole enchilada of self-driving vehicles means huge job loss eventually, with 3.8 million Americans now working as drivers according to figures from the US Department of Commerce:

So America can end its outmoded program of importing foreigners via immigration to work cheap because the robots are cheaper than Mexicans, and even if some expressions of automation are viewed with suspicion by the public, in general the workplace revolution of machines replacing human workers is coming sooner than we think.

Are we going too fast on driverless cars?, ScienceMag.com, December 14, 2017

The automakers and high-tech companies spending billions of dollars on developing self-driving cars and trucks tout the idea that autonomous vehicles (AVs) will help create a safer, cleaner, and more mobile society. Politicians aren’t far behind in their enthusiasm for the new technology.

“This is probably the biggest thing to hit the auto industry since the first car came off the assembly line,” Senator Gary Peters (D–MI) told a cheering audience of researchers and executives at a recent computing conference in Washington, D.C. “It will not only completely revolutionize the way we get around, but [AVs] also have the potential to save hundreds of thousands of lives each year.”

Such predictions, however, turn out to be based on surprisingly little research. While developers amass data on the sensors and algorithms that allow cars to drive themselves, research on the social, economic, and environmental effects of AVs is sparse. Truly autonomous driving is still decades away, according to most transportation experts. And because it’s hard to study something that doesn’t yet exist, the void has been filled by speculation—and starkly contrasting visions of the future. “The current conversation … falls into what I call the utopian and dystopian views,” says Susan Shaheen, co-director of the Transportation Sustainability Research Center at the University of California (UC), Berkeley.

In the utopian view, she says, fleets of cheap, accessible AVs offer rides at the tap of a screen. Their ubiquity expands transportation options for everyone. Once AVs are commonplace, traffic accidents become a thing of the past, and enlightened government regulatory policies result in fewer traffic jams and parking problems, and less urban sprawl. Fleets of electric-powered AVs shrink fossil fuel consumption and reduce air pollution. Commutes become stress-free and more productive, as former drivers can now work, read, or knit while being whisked to their destinations.

In the dystopian view, driverless cars add to many of the world’s woes. Freed from driving, people rely more heavily on cars—increasing congestion, energy consumption, and pollution. A more productive commute induces people to move farther from their jobs, exacerbating urban sprawl. At the same time, unexpected software glitches lead to repeated recalls, triggering massive travel disruptions. Wealthier consumers buy their own AVs, eschewing fleet vehicles that come with annoying fellow commuters, dirty back seats, and logistical hassles. A new metric of inequality emerges as the world is divided into AV haves and have-nots.

A few scientists are examining these predictions—both the dire and the starryeyed. It’s too soon to definitively address some questions, such as the environmental impact of AVs, which will depend not just on the type of cars on the road, but also on how people will use them. Recent studies by researchers at two Department of Energy national laboratories, for example, have calculated that total energy consumption for transportation could drop by as much as 91%—or increase by 200%.

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